Honing structure



Nov. 21 1939.

Patented Nov. 21, 1939 HONING STRUCTURE Eugene F. Brower, Detroit, Mich., assignor to Micromatic Hone Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Michigan Application March 15, 1937, ASerial No. 130,921

3Claims.

My invention relates to honing methods and tools and particularly to a honing tool and method of operation which periodically effects the breaking down of the abrading faces .during a single machining operation.

Difficulty has always been experienced in the honing art due to the fact that the surface of the abrading elements becomes charged and are no longer effective to produce a satisfactory operation. The particles of metal which become embedded-in thestone surfaces skid over the metal of the cylinder wall and either burnish or tear the metal therefrom, resulting in poor iinishes. The honing tool manufacturers have always attempted to construct the tools in such a manner as to produce a continuous break down of the stone surfaces to thereby prevent the charging of the surfaces and the resulting poor nish to the cylinder wall.

It has been found that, through the tilting movement of the abrading elements relative to the cylinder wall during the initial rotation of the tool, the contacting surface of the abrading elements would automatically break down and the charging of such surfaces wa's automatically limited. Various honing tools have been constructed to have a slight tilting movement of the abrading elements relative to the cylinder wall during the initial rotation of the tool. When only a slight amount of material is to be removed from the cylinder 'wall it was found that this single shifting of the abrading element was sufiicient to prevent charging of the surfaces. However, when a material amount of material was to be removed, or when the wall was constructed of metal which readily charged, it was found that the single shifting of the abrading elements was not suiilcient to prevent the charging' of the surfaces. As a result, the stone surfaces became loaded with metal near the end of the abrading operation at a time when a clean surface was necessary toqproduce a high polish. P

In practicing my invention, I employ an abrading tool having av plurality of abrading elements mounted on carriers which are tiltable within the slots provided in the body portion of the tool. Il

mount the tool in a machine which periodically 'reverses its direction of rotationY to thereby cause 'the tilting of the abrading element carriers in the body a number of times during a single abrading operation. This periodic tilting of the carriers causes the surface of the abrading elements to shift relative to the cylinder wall and cause the break down of the engaging surfaces and the elimination of any metal with which it had been charged. The machine is of a well known type which produces rotation and reciprocation and has added thereto, a reversing feature which periodically reverses the' rotation of the honing tool during the time it is reciprocated.

. Accordingly, the main objects of my invention are; to provide a method for continuously breaking down the surface of an abrading element during a honing operation; to provide driving means for a honing tool which periodically reverses the rotation of the tool during the time it is being reciprocated; to mount a plurality of abrading elements for tilting movement in the body of a honing tool and periodically eect the tilting of the elements during an abrading operation; and in general, to provide a honing tool which produces the continuous break down of the surfaces of the abrading element which is simple in construction, positive in operation and economical of manufacture.

Other objects and features of novelty of my invention will be either specically pointed out or will become'apparent when referring, for a better understanding of my invention, to the following description taken in commotion with the accompanying drawing, wherein:

Figure 1 isa perspective view of a machine and tool embodying features of my invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 1, taken on the line 2-2 thereof, showing the tool rotating in clockwise direction, and

Fig. 3 is a view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 2, showing the tool operating in a counterclockwise direction.

An abrading tool 5 is provided with a body 6 having a plurality of slots 1 therein. A conical member 8 is disposed centrally of the body 6 for axial movement. A plurality of carriers 9 are disposed in the slots 1 for radial and tilting movement therein, having the inner end portions contacting the conical member 8. The carriers 9 have abrading elements l I mounted in the face thereof opposite to that engaging the cone 8 and project beyond the body 6 of the tool. 'I'he carriers 9 are slightly less in width than the width of the slots 1 to permit them to tilt when the tool is initially rotated or when the rotation of the tool is reversed.

The different tilted positions of the abrading elements are illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3. In Fig. 2, the elements are illustrated as being' tilted to the left due to the clockwise rotation of the tool, while in Fig. 3 the carriers are illustrated tilted to the right due to the counter-clockwise rotation.

'I'he adJsting member for controlling the expansion and contraction of the carriers and abrading elements is Ynot described in detail since any means well known in the art to be suitable may be applied for eifecting such control. The adjusting head I 2 of the tool illustrated in Fig. 1 follows the form of that illustrated, described and claimedin the patent to Jeschke, No. 1,944,860 issued January 23, 1934, and assigned to the assignee of the present invention.

It has been pointed out hereinabove the desirability of producing the periodic tilting of the abrading carriers and elements during a single abrading operation. For eilecting such reversal, I have illustrated a machine in Fig. 1 embodying a drive shaft I5 which supports the tool 5 and which is operated by a motor I6 to reciprocate the tool while driving it in rotation. Machines of this type are of standard form and need not be described in detail. However, the present machine has provided thereon means for periodically reversing the rotation ofthe tool 5 during the time that it is reciprocated. An axially movable rod I'I reciprooates with the shaft I5 and operates a ratchet switch I8 for effecting the throw of the switch from one side to the" other after a predetermined number of reciprocations. Such a switch is well known in theart and may be adjusted to operate on any number of reciprocations. The throwing of the switch in either direction reverses the clutch for driving the shaft I5 in rotation so that during the reciprocation of the shaft it may be periodically reversed inl rotation. In this manner any number of reversals may be provided to the tool in synchronism with the tool reciprocation which may be varied to conform to a particular opera- A tion.

The repeated reversal in rotation of the abrading element during its reciprocation while machining a cylinder wall will produce periodic tilting of the carriers for abrading elements and resuit in the brealdng down of the surfaces of the elements which are in contact with the cylinder wall. This breaking down of the surfaces loosens the charged particles and provides clean sharp faces in engagement with the wall being operated upon. As a result, very smooth and mirrorlike finishes are produced which are very desirable.

While I have described and illustrated but a single embodiment o! my invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, omissions, additions, and substitutions may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope oi' myy invention, as set forth in the accompanying claims.

What I claim is:

1. A honing tool including a body having slots therein, carriers in said slots having clearance to permit tilting therein, abrading elements supported by said carriers, means for adjusting said carriers radially, driving means for reciprocating and rotating said tool, and means for periodically reversing the direction of the tool rotation.

2. A honing tool including a body having slots therein, carriers in said slots having clearance 'to permit tilting therein, abrading elements supported by said carriers, means for adjusting said carriers radially, driving means for reciprocatlng and rotating said tool, and means for reversing the direction of the tool rotation after a predetermined number of reciprocations.

3. A honing tool including a body having slots therein, carriers in said slots having clearance to permit tilting therein, abrading elements supported by said carriers, means for adjusting said carriers radially, driving means for reciprocating and rotating said tool, means for reversing the direction of the tool rotation after a predetermined number of reciprocations, and means for adjusting the driving means to changethe num- Il ber of reciprocations to effect each reversal.

EUGENE F. BROWER. 

